Vol. I · No. 1Edition: MorningEst. 2026AboutSearchRSS

The Sand Paper

Finding grains of sand with grains of sand.
A Journal of Intelligence Transfer
Lead Story · Industry

Guessable eMudhra Keys Sat Trusted for 18 Months; 30,800 Certificates Must Move

Browsers blocked eight weak CA keys within hours. Chrome drops the root on Oct 27, and eMudhra is quitting the global TLS business.

Eight intermediate certificate authority keys at eMudhra, an Indian digital-trust company, were numbers below 256, Mozilla’s Dennis Jackson writes in Bugzilla, so anyone could work them out. Whoever holds such a key can sign a certificate for any website. A researcher named Wayne reported it to Apple, Google, Microsoft, Mozilla and eMudhra at 18:05 UTC on Saturday, October 17. Google says Chrome blocked the keys at 19:45 UTC, and Mozilla finished its Firefox block at 22:59 UTC.

From Mozilla Bugzilla 2083449, Google Security Blog, Mozilla Security Blog, eMudhra status page, eMudhra exit announcement, Mint (CERT-In advisory), The Hindu BusinessLine, University of Michigan Safe ComputingRead the story
Morning Feature · The Security Desk

Eight Keys Under 256: The eMudhra Certificate Failure, Explained

For 18 months, eight certificate authority keys could be guessed in seconds. Browsers blocked them within hours. Now 30,800 certificates have to move before Chrome cuts the root on Oct 27.

What a certificate authority is, how browsers pull trust, how long the weak eMudhra keys were exposed and who has to act. Includes a timeline, a map of what is and is not affected, a five-minute check and a list of what is still unconfirmed.

Sourced from our feeds, vendor advisories, government alerts and news reportsRead the feature

Agents & Coding

Microsoft: China-Linked Hackers Ran an AI Agent Framework at Machine Speed

Storm-0940 hit 2,250+ tenants after the ConnectWise breach and reached privileged cloud access in under three hours.

Microsoft says Storm-0940, a group it links to the Chinese state, has used ARTEX, an open-source agentic penetration-testing framework, since as early as September. After compromising ConnectWise’s cloud backup service, it tried sign-ins against more than 2,250 Microsoft 365 tenants at 2,900 attempts a minute.

From posts by and reports from @MsftSecIntel, @kimmonismus, Microsoft Security Blog, CyberScoopRead the story

CrowdStrike Finds Four Crews Running AI Agents Against Real Targets

One harness hit 15 Argentine healthcare groups; another pulled domain controller credentials in about 20 minutes.

CrowdStrike says four previously unreported threat actors left their AI agent frameworks in open directories between May and August. A Spanish- and English-speaking actor hit at least 15 Argentine healthcare entities with a Claude Code harness.

From posts by and reports from @kimmonismus, CrowdStrike, WIREDRead the story

LiteLLM Traces Its Poisoned Release to Stolen GitHub CLI Tokens

An org-owner token turned off branch protections; Wiz saw stolen AWS keys probing Amazon Bedrock hours later.

LiteLLM says the attacker behind Wednesday’s malicious 1.107.0 release held GitHub CLI credentials for three developers. An org-owner token was used to disable branch protections and point the release workflow at a lookalike repository.

From posts by and reports from @kimmonismus, LiteLLM, Wiz, The Hacker NewsRead the story

Railway Says an Intruder May Have Read Customer Secrets

Deployments paused and every API token reset; Railway says the attackers were after AI inference keys.

Railway says an unauthorized party may have accessed customers’ encrypted environment variables, and for some customers obtained decrypted values. It calls the attack part of a series aimed at platform companies to compromise AI inference providers, and it asked upstream providers to revoke exposed keys.

From posts by and reports from @levelsio, @kimmonismus, Railway, Railway statusRead the story

Node.js and GitLab Ship Critical Fixes; OpenAI’s Codex Security Found One

A Brotli bug in Node allowed code execution. GitLab’s CVSS 10 regex flaw reaches back to version 7.0.

Node.js released 22.23.4, 24.22.1 and 26.12.1. They fix an out-of-bounds write in the Brotli decoder that permits remote code execution, reported by OpenAI’s Codex Security, plus two TLS hostname checks that could be bypassed.

From posts by and reports from @vercel_dev, @kimmonismus, @levelsio, Node.js, GitLabRead the story

@mattpocockuk’s Prompt Asks Whether a Software Factory Would Help

Run /grill-me on /software-factory; research docs cover orchestrators, Git hosts, ticket trackers and runners.

@mattpocockuk’s prompt of the day is “/grill-me on how a /software-factory might help us.” It helps you work out whether a software factory fits your team, then brainstorms the infrastructure you would need to set one up.

From posts by @mattpocockukRead the story

Models & Hardware

MemT 1.0 Keeps What You Teach It Inside the Model, @sudoingX Finds

He saved its memory to a 42 MB file, restarted, and it still followed his Rust house rules.

MemT 1.0, from the @MemOS_dev team, writes what you tell it into a memory state inside the model, while the current message still goes in the context window. @sudoingX ran it in bf16 on a 128 GB Strix Halo, taught it his Rust rules, saved its memory to a 42 MB file and killed the process.

From posts by @sudoingXRead the story

@MiaAI_lab: Flint 40B Is Fast, but It Can’t Replace Qwen3.6-35B

Meanwhile GLM 5.3 Flash now runs on TensorFold ZIG on every configuration, on a separate branch.

@MiaAI_lab tested Flint 40B and found it very fast, but “not, in any way, shape or form, a replacement for Qwen3.6-35B.” @MiaAI_lab asks when a local model will finally beat it: this year, 2027 or never.

From posts by @MiaAI_labRead the story

AI in Accounting & Tax

Industry

php2shell Probes Began Four Days Before Disclosure, Amazon Says

Cloudflare counts millions of attempts. Censys found about 1.57 million exposed hosts still showing unpatched PHP.

Amazon says an exploit attempt for php2shell hit its MadPot honeypot on October 17, four days before the PHP fixes, and that the flaw “is now being broadly exploited in the wild.” Cloudflare CEO Matthew Prince told SecurityWeek attempts went from thousands to “millions now.” watchTowr says widely sprayed proofs of concept do not achieve code execution.

From posts by and reports from @levelsio, @techreview, @TheRundownAI, @kimmonismus, Amazon Security Blog, SecurityWeekRead the story

Capcom Says 11.8 Million CAPCOM ID Records Were Accessed

Email addresses and system IDs worldwide; 196 accounts had passwords changed without permission. No card data.

Capcom says unauthorized access to its CAPCOM ID service touched 11,774,247 records of email addresses and system IDs worldwide. For 43 people, birth dates, gender, country and nicknames were also exposed, and 196 accounts had their passwords changed without authorization.

From CapcomRead the story

Volkswagen Group Brings Copilot to More Than 330,000 Employees

Microsoft says the rollout embeds AI assistance across the business; @satyanadella cheers it on.

Microsoft says Volkswagen Group has brought Microsoft Copilot to more than 330,000 employees, embedding AI assistance across its business so teams can focus on higher-value tasks. “Super to see Volkswagen Group putting Copilot to work across the company,”

From posts by @satyanadella, @MSFTnewsRead the story